diff --git a/build.zig b/build.zig
index 8393b7e..c702a40 100644
--- a/build.zig
+++ b/build.zig
@@ -194,17 +194,7 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) !void {
 			const vertex_binary_sub_path_utf8 = vertex_binary_sub_path.utf8();
 			const fragment_binary_sub_path_utf8 = fragment_binary_sub_path.utf8();
 
-			const link_command = b.addSystemCommand(&.{
-				"spirv-link",
-				vertex_binary_sub_path_utf8,
-				fragment_binary_sub_path_utf8,
-				"-o",
-				pending_shader.binary_sub_path.utf8(),
-			});
-
-			exe.step.dependOn(&link_command.step);
-
-			link_command.step.dependOn(compile_vertex: {
+			exe.step.dependOn(compile_vertex: {
 				const compile_command = b.addSystemCommand(&.{
 					"glslangValidator",
 					"-V",
@@ -216,7 +206,7 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) !void {
 				break: compile_vertex &compile_command.step;
 			});
 
-			link_command.step.dependOn(compile_fragment: {
+			exe.step.dependOn(compile_fragment: {
 				const compile_command = b.addSystemCommand(&.{
 					"glslangValidator",
 					"-V",
diff --git a/debug/ca.frag b/debug/ca.frag
index b4218e0..1f579bf 100644
--- a/debug/ca.frag
+++ b/debug/ca.frag
@@ -7,22 +7,19 @@ layout (location = 1) in vec2 uv;
 
 layout (location = 0) out vec4 texel;
 
-layout (binding = 0) readonly buffer Camera {
-	mat4 projection_matrix;
-};
-
-layout (binding = 1) readonly buffer Material {
+layout (binding = 0) readonly buffer Effect {
 	float effect_magnitude;
 };
 
 void main() {
-	const vec2 red_channel_uv = uv + vec2(effect_magnitude, 0.0);
-	const vec2 blue_channel_uv = uv + vec2(-effect_magnitude, 0.0);
-	const vec4 original_texel = texture(sprite, uv);
+	vec4 color1 = texture(sprite, uv) / 3.0;
+    vec4 color2 = texture(sprite, uv + 0.002 * effect_magnitude) / 3.0;
+    vec4 color3 = texture(sprite, uv - 0.002 * effect_magnitude) / 3.0;
 
-	texel = vec4(texture(sprite, red_channel_uv).r, original_texel.g, texture(sprite, blue_channel_uv).b, original_texel.a) * color;
+    color1 *= 2.0;
+    color2.g = 0.0;
+    color2.b = 0.0;
+    color3.r = 0.0;
 
-	if (texel.a == 0) {
-		discard;
-	}
+    texel = color * (color1 + color2 + color3);
 }
diff --git a/src/main.zig b/src/main.zig
index f345239..0a5b230 100644
--- a/src/main.zig
+++ b/src/main.zig
@@ -4,10 +4,15 @@ const std = @import("std");
 
 const ona = @import("ona");
 
+const ChromaticAberration = extern struct {
+	magnitude: f32,
+};
+
 const Actors = struct {
 	instances: coral.stack.Sequential(@Vector(2, f32)) = .{.allocator = coral.heap.allocator},
 	body_texture: ona.gfx.Texture = .default,
 	render_texture: ona.gfx.Texture = .default,
+	ca_effect: ona.gfx.Effect = .default,
 };
 
 const Player = struct {
@@ -37,6 +42,8 @@ fn load(config: ona.Write(ona.gfx.Config), actors: ona.Write(Actors), assets: on
 		},
 	});
 
+	actors.res.ca_effect = try assets.res.load_effect_file(coral.files.bundle, "./ca.frag.spv");
+
 	try actors.res.instances.push_grow(.{0, 0});
 }
 
@@ -44,12 +51,9 @@ fn exit(actors: ona.Write(Actors)) void {
 	actors.res.instances.deinit();
 }
 
-fn render(commands: ona.gfx.Commands, actors: ona.Write(Actors), config: ona.Read(ona.gfx.Config)) !void {
-	try commands.set_target(.{
-		.texture = actors.res.render_texture,
-		.clear_color = .{0, 0, 0, 0},
-		.clear_depth = 0,
-		.clear_stencil = 0,
+fn render(commands: ona.gfx.Commands, actors: ona.Write(Actors)) !void {
+	try commands.set_effect(actors.res.ca_effect, ChromaticAberration{
+		.magnitude = 15.0,
 	});
 
 	for (actors.res.instances.values) |instance| {
@@ -63,22 +67,6 @@ fn render(commands: ona.gfx.Commands, actors: ona.Write(Actors), config: ona.Rea
 			},
 		});
 	}
-
-	try commands.set_target(.{
-		.clear_color = null,
-		.clear_depth = null,
-		.clear_stencil = null,
-	});
-
-	try commands.draw_texture(.{
-		.texture = actors.res.render_texture,
-
-		.transform = .{
-			.origin = .{@floatFromInt(config.res.width / 2), @floatFromInt(config.res.height / 2)},
-			.xbasis = .{@floatFromInt(config.res.width), 0},
-			.ybasis = .{0, @floatFromInt(config.res.height)},
-		},
-	});
 }
 
 fn update(player: ona.Read(Player), actors: ona.Write(Actors), mapping: ona.Read(ona.act.Mapping)) !void {
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx.zig b/src/ona/gfx.zig
index 8a6780f..4f0d7d5 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx.zig
+++ b/src/ona/gfx.zig
@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@ const std = @import("std");
 pub const Assets = struct {
 	window: *ext.SDL_Window,
 	texture_formats: coral.stack.Sequential(TextureFormat),
-	staging_arena: std.heap.ArenaAllocator,
 	frame_rendered: std.Thread.ResetEvent = .{},
 
 	pub const LoadError = std.mem.Allocator.Error;
 
-	pub const LoadFileError = LoadError || coral.files.AccessError || error {
+	pub const LoadFileError = LoadError || coral.files.ReadAllError || error {
 		FormatUnsupported,
 	};
 
@@ -41,7 +40,6 @@ pub const Assets = struct {
 
 	fn deinit(self: *Assets) void {
 		rendering.enqueue_work(.shutdown);
-		self.staging_arena.deinit();
 		self.texture_formats.deinit();
 	}
 
@@ -64,12 +62,40 @@ pub const Assets = struct {
 		try rendering.startup(window);
 
 		return .{
-			.staging_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(coral.heap.allocator),
 			.texture_formats = .{.allocator = coral.heap.allocator},
 			.window = window,
 		};
 	}
 
+	pub fn load_effect_file(_: *Assets, storage: coral.files.Storage, path: []const u8) LoadFileError!Effect {
+		if (!std.mem.endsWith(u8, path, ".spv")) {
+			return error.FormatUnsupported;
+		}
+
+		const fragment_file_stat = try storage.stat(path);
+		const fragment_spirv = try coral.heap.allocator.alloc(u32, fragment_file_stat.size / @alignOf(u32));
+
+		defer {
+			coral.heap.allocator.free(fragment_spirv);
+		}
+
+		_ = try storage.read_all(path, std.mem.sliceAsBytes(fragment_spirv), .{});
+
+		var loaded = coral.asyncio.Future(std.mem.Allocator.Error!Effect){};
+
+		rendering.enqueue_work(.{
+			.load_effect = .{
+				.desc = .{
+					.fragment_spirv = fragment_spirv,
+				},
+
+				.loaded = &loaded,
+			},
+		});
+
+		return loaded.get().*;
+	}
+
 	pub fn load_texture(_: *Assets, desc: Texture.Desc) std.mem.Allocator.Error!Texture {
 		var loaded = coral.asyncio.Future(std.mem.Allocator.Error!Texture){};
 
@@ -84,12 +110,10 @@ pub const Assets = struct {
 	}
 
 	pub fn load_texture_file(self: *Assets, storage: coral.files.Storage, path: []const u8) LoadFileError!Texture {
-		defer {
-			const max_cache_size = 536870912;
+		var arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(coral.heap.allocator);
 
-			if (!self.staging_arena.reset(.{.retain_with_limit = max_cache_size})) {
-				std.log.warn("failed to retain staging arena size of {} bytes", .{max_cache_size});
-			}
+		defer {
+			arena.deinit();
 		}
 
 		for (self.texture_formats.values) |format| {
@@ -97,12 +121,26 @@ pub const Assets = struct {
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			return self.load_texture(try format.load_file(&self.staging_arena, storage, path));
+			return self.load_texture(try format.load_file(&arena, storage, path));
 		}
 
 		return error.FormatUnsupported;
 	}
 
+	pub fn update_effect(_: *Assets, effect: Effect, properties: anytype) bool {
+		var setted = coral.asyncio.Future(bool){};
+
+		rendering.enqueue_work(.{
+			.update_effect = .{
+				.properties = std.mem.asBytes(properties),
+				.effect = effect,
+				.setted = &setted,
+			},
+		});
+
+		return setted.get().*;
+	}
+
 	pub const thread_restriction = .main;
 };
 
@@ -137,6 +175,15 @@ pub const Commands = struct {
 		try self.list.append(.{.draw_texture = command});
 	}
 
+	pub fn set_effect(self: Commands, effect: handles.Effect, properties: anytype) std.mem.Allocator.Error!void {
+		try self.list.append(.{
+			.set_effect = .{
+				.properties = std.mem.asBytes(&properties),
+				.effect = effect,
+			},
+		});
+	}
+
 	pub fn set_target(self: Commands, command: rendering.Command.SetTarget) std.mem.Allocator.Error!void {
 		try self.list.append(.{.set_target = command});
 	}
@@ -164,6 +211,8 @@ pub const Input = union (enum) {
 	};
 };
 
+pub const Effect = handles.Effect;
+
 pub const Rect = struct {
 	left: f32,
 	top: f32,
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx/handles.zig b/src/ona/gfx/handles.zig
index 8c8a014..da4010a 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx/handles.zig
+++ b/src/ona/gfx/handles.zig
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ const coral = @import("coral");
 
 const std = @import("std");
 
+pub const Effect = Handle(struct {
+	fragment_spirv: []const u32,
+});
+
 fn Handle(comptime HandleDesc: type) type {
 	return enum (u32) {
 		default,
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx/rendering.zig b/src/ona/gfx/rendering.zig
index 6727443..6735fd5 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx/rendering.zig
+++ b/src/ona/gfx/rendering.zig
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ const std = @import("std");
 
 pub const Command = union (enum) {
 	draw_texture: DrawTexture,
+	set_effect: SetEffect,
 	set_target: SetTarget,
 
 	pub const DrawTexture = struct {
@@ -23,6 +24,11 @@ pub const Command = union (enum) {
 		transform: lina.Transform2D,
 	};
 
+	pub const SetEffect = struct {
+		effect: handles.Effect,
+		properties: []const coral.io.Byte,
+	};
+
 	pub const SetTarget = struct {
 		texture: ?handles.Texture = null,
 		clear_color: ?lina.Color,
@@ -31,10 +37,16 @@ pub const Command = union (enum) {
 	};
 
 	fn clone(self: Command, arena: *std.heap.ArenaAllocator) !Command {
-		_ = arena;
-
 		return switch (self) {
 			.draw_texture => |draw_texture| .{.draw_texture = draw_texture},
+
+			.set_effect => |set_effect| .{
+				.set_effect = .{
+					.properties = try arena.allocator().dupe(coral.io.Byte, set_effect.properties),
+					.effect = set_effect.effect,
+				},
+			},
+
 			.set_target => |set_target| .{.set_target = set_target},
 		};
 	}
@@ -42,6 +54,7 @@ pub const Command = union (enum) {
 	fn process(self: Command, pools: *Pools, frame: *Frame) !void {
 		try switch (self) {
 			.draw_texture => |draw_texture| frame.draw_texture(pools, draw_texture),
+			.set_effect => |set_effect| frame.set_effect(pools, set_effect),
 			.set_target => |set_target| frame.set_target(pools, set_target),
 		};
 	}
@@ -123,6 +136,7 @@ const Frame = struct {
 	flushed_count: usize = 0,
 	current_source_texture: handles.Texture = .default,
 	current_target_texture: ?handles.Texture = null,
+	current_effect: handles.Effect = .default,
 
 	const DrawTexture = extern struct {
 		transform: lina.Transform2D,
@@ -175,29 +189,29 @@ const Frame = struct {
 			.render => |render| {
 				bindings.fs.images[0] = render.color_image;
 				bindings.fs.samplers[0] = render.sampler;
-				bindings.vs.images[0] = render.color_image;
-				bindings.vs.samplers[0] = render.sampler;
 			},
 
 			.static => |static| {
 				bindings.fs.images[0] = static.image;
 				bindings.fs.samplers[0] = static.sampler;
-				bindings.vs.images[0] = static.image;
-				bindings.vs.samplers[0] = static.sampler;
 			},
 		}
 
 		if (self.current_target_texture) |target_texture| {
 			const target_view_buffer = pools.textures.get(@intFromEnum(target_texture)).?.render.view_buffer;
 
-			bindings.fs.storage_buffers[0] = target_view_buffer;
 			bindings.vs.storage_buffers[0] = target_view_buffer;
 		} else {
-			bindings.fs.storage_buffers[0] = view_buffer;
 			bindings.vs.storage_buffers[0] = view_buffer;
 		}
 
-		sokol.gfx.applyPipeline(texture_batching_pipeline);
+		const effect = pools.effects.get(@intFromEnum(self.current_effect)).?;
+
+		sokol.gfx.applyPipeline(effect.pipeline);
+
+		if (effect.has_properties_buffer) |properties_buffer| {
+			bindings.fs.storage_buffers[0] = properties_buffer;
+		}
 
 		while (true) {
 			const buffer_index = self.flushed_count / batches_per_buffer;
@@ -217,11 +231,29 @@ const Frame = struct {
 		}
 	}
 
+	pub fn set_effect(self: *Frame, pools: *Pools, command: Command.SetEffect) void {
+		if (command.effect != self.current_effect) {
+			self.flush(pools);
+		}
+
+		self.current_effect = command.effect;
+
+		if (command.properties.len != 0) {
+			if (pools.effects.get(@intFromEnum(self.current_effect)).?.has_properties_buffer) |properties_buffer| {
+				sokol.gfx.updateBuffer(properties_buffer, sokol.gfx.asRange(command.properties));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	pub fn set_target(self: *Frame, pools: *Pools, command: Command.SetTarget) void {
 		sokol.gfx.endPass();
 
 		var pass = sokol.gfx.Pass{
-			.action = .{.stencil = .{.load_action = .CLEAR}},
+			.action = .{
+				.stencil = .{
+					.load_action = .CLEAR,
+				},
+			},
 		};
 
 		if (command.clear_color) |color| {
@@ -265,15 +297,24 @@ const Frame = struct {
 	var texture_batch_buffers = coral.stack.Sequential(sokol.gfx.Buffer){.allocator = coral.heap.allocator};
 
 	const batches_per_buffer = 512;
-
-	var texture_batching_pipeline: sokol.gfx.Pipeline = undefined;
 };
 
 const Pools = struct {
+	effects: EffectPool,
 	textures: TexturePool,
 
+	const EffectPool = coral.Pool(resources.Effect);
+
 	const TexturePool = coral.Pool(resources.Texture);
 
+	fn create_effect(self: *Pools, desc: handles.Effect.Desc) !handles.Effect {
+		var effect = try resources.Effect.init(desc);
+
+		errdefer effect.deinit();
+
+		return @enumFromInt(try self.effects.insert(effect));
+	}
+
 	fn create_texture(self: *Pools, desc: handles.Texture.Desc) !handles.Texture {
 		var texture = try resources.Texture.init(desc);
 
@@ -292,12 +333,28 @@ const Pools = struct {
 		self.textures.deinit();
 	}
 
-	fn destroy_texture(self: *Pools, texture_key: handles.Texture) bool {
-		switch (texture_key) {
+	fn destroy_effect(self: *Pools, handle: handles.Effect) bool {
+		switch (handle) {
 			.default => {},
 
 			else => {
-				var texture = self.textures.remove(@intFromEnum(texture_key)) orelse {
+				var effect = self.effects.remove(@intFromEnum(handle)) orelse {
+					return false;
+				};
+
+				effect.deinit();
+			},
+		}
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	fn destroy_texture(self: *Pools, handle: handles.Texture) bool {
+		switch (handle) {
+			.default => {},
+
+			else => {
+				var texture = self.textures.remove(@intFromEnum(handle)) orelse {
 					return false;
 				};
 
@@ -310,10 +367,17 @@ const Pools = struct {
 
 	fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !Pools {
 		var pools = Pools{
+			.effects = EffectPool.init(allocator),
 			.textures = TexturePool.init(allocator),
 		};
 
-		errdefer pools.deinit();
+		errdefer {
+			pools.deinit();
+		}
+
+		_ = try pools.create_effect(.{
+			.fragment_spirv = &spirv.to_ops(@embedFile("./shaders/2d_default.frag.spv")),
+		});
 
 		const default_texture_data = [_]u32{
 			0x000000FF, 0x800080FF, 0x000000FF, 0x800080FF, 0x000000FF, 0x800080FF, 0x000000FF, 0x800080FF,
@@ -343,16 +407,23 @@ const Pools = struct {
 
 pub const Work = union (enum) {
 	create_commands: CreateCommandsWork,
+	load_effect: LoadEffectWork,
 	load_texture: LoadTextureWork,
 	render_frame: RenderFrameWork,
 	rotate_commands: RotateCommandsWork,
 	shutdown,
+	unload_effect: UnloadEffectWork,
 	unload_texture: UnloadTextureWork,
 
 	pub const CreateCommandsWork = struct {
 		created: *coral.asyncio.Future(std.mem.Allocator.Error!*Commands),
 	};
 
+	pub const LoadEffectWork = struct {
+		desc: handles.Effect.Desc,
+		loaded: *coral.asyncio.Future(std.mem.Allocator.Error!handles.Effect),
+	};
+
 	pub const LoadTextureWork = struct {
 		desc: handles.Texture.Desc,
 		loaded: *coral.asyncio.Future(std.mem.Allocator.Error!handles.Texture),
@@ -369,6 +440,10 @@ pub const Work = union (enum) {
 		finished: *std.Thread.ResetEvent,
 	};
 
+	pub const UnloadEffectWork = struct {
+		handle: handles.Effect,
+	};
+
 	pub const UnloadTextureWork = struct {
 		handle: handles.Texture,
 	};
@@ -395,62 +470,6 @@ const vertex_indices = .{
 	.instance = 1,
 };
 
-const vertex_layout_state = sokol.gfx.VertexLayoutState{
-	.attrs = get: {
-		var attrs = [_]sokol.gfx.VertexAttrState{.{}} ** 16;
-
-		attrs[0] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT2,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.mesh,
-		};
-
-		attrs[1] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT2,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.mesh,
-		};
-
-		attrs[2] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT2,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		attrs[3] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT2,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		attrs[4] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT2,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		attrs[5] = .{
-			.format = .UBYTE4N,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		attrs[6] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		attrs[7] = .{
-			.format = .FLOAT4,
-			.buffer_index = vertex_indices.instance,
-		};
-
-		break: get attrs;
-	},
-
-	.buffers = get: {
-		var vertex_buffer_layouts = [_]sokol.gfx.VertexBufferLayoutState{.{}} ** 8;
-
-		vertex_buffer_layouts[vertex_indices.instance].step_func = .PER_INSTANCE;
-
-		break: get vertex_buffer_layouts;
-	},
-};
-
 fn run(window: *ext.SDL_Window) !void {
 	const context = configure_and_create: {
 		var result = @as(c_int, 0);
@@ -530,21 +549,6 @@ fn run(window: *ext.SDL_Window) !void {
 		.usage = .IMMUTABLE,
 	});
 
-	const shader_spirv = @embedFile("./shaders/2d_default.spv");
-	var spirv_unit = try spirv.Unit.init(coral.heap.allocator);
-
-	defer spirv_unit.deinit();
-
-	try spirv_unit.compile(shader_spirv, .vertex);
-	try spirv_unit.compile(shader_spirv, .fragment);
-
-	Frame.texture_batching_pipeline = sokol.gfx.makePipeline(.{
-		.label = "2D drawing pipeline",
-		.layout = vertex_layout_state,
-		.shader = sokol.gfx.makeShader(spirv_unit.shader_desc),
-		.index_type = .UINT16,
-	});
-
 	var has_commands_head: ?*Commands = null;
 	var has_commands_tail: ?*Commands = null;
 
@@ -575,6 +579,14 @@ fn run(window: *ext.SDL_Window) !void {
 				}
 			},
 
+			.load_effect => |load| {
+				const effect = try pools.create_effect(load.desc);
+
+				if (!load.loaded.resolve(effect)) {
+					std.debug.assert(pools.destroy_effect(effect));
+				}
+			},
+
 			.load_texture => |load| {
 				const texture = try pools.create_texture(load.desc);
 
@@ -650,6 +662,12 @@ fn run(window: *ext.SDL_Window) !void {
 				break;
 			},
 
+			.unload_effect => |unload| {
+				if (!pools.destroy_effect(unload.handle)) {
+					@panic("Attempt to unload a non-existent effect");
+				}
+			},
+
 			.unload_texture => |unload| {
 				if (!pools.destroy_texture(unload.handle)) {
 					@panic("Attempt to unload a non-existent texture");
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx/resources.zig b/src/ona/gfx/resources.zig
index 6fc9942..1bf9c0f 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx/resources.zig
+++ b/src/ona/gfx/resources.zig
@@ -10,6 +10,140 @@ const spirv = @import("./spirv.zig");
 
 const std = @import("std");
 
+pub const Effect = struct {
+	shader: sokol.gfx.Shader,
+	pipeline: sokol.gfx.Pipeline,
+	has_properties_buffer: ?sokol.gfx.Buffer = null,
+
+	pub fn deinit(self: *Effect) void {
+		sokol.gfx.destroyPipeline(self.pipeline);
+		sokol.gfx.destroyShader(self.shader);
+
+		if (self.has_properties_buffer) |parameters_buffer| {
+			sokol.gfx.destroyBuffer(parameters_buffer);
+		}
+
+		self.* = undefined;
+	}
+
+	pub fn init(desc: handles.Effect.Desc) !Effect {
+		var spirv_unit = try spirv.Unit.init(coral.heap.allocator);
+
+		defer spirv_unit.deinit();
+
+		try spirv_unit.compile(&spirv.to_ops(@embedFile("./shaders/2d_default.vert.spv")), .vertex);
+		try spirv_unit.compile(desc.fragment_spirv, .fragment);
+
+		const shader = sokol.gfx.makeShader(spirv_unit.shader_desc());
+
+		const pipeline = sokol.gfx.makePipeline(pipeline_desc: {
+			var pipeline_desc = sokol.gfx.PipelineDesc{
+				.label = "Effect pipeline",
+				.layout = vertex_layout_state,
+				.shader = shader,
+				.index_type = .UINT16,
+				.blend_color = .{.r = 1.0, .g = 1.0, .b = 1.0, .a = 1.0},
+			};
+
+			pipeline_desc.colors[0] = .{
+				.write_mask = .RGBA,
+
+				.blend = .{
+					.enabled = true,
+					.src_factor_rgb = .SRC_ALPHA,
+					.dst_factor_rgb = .ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA,
+				},
+			};
+
+			break: pipeline_desc pipeline_desc;
+		});
+
+		errdefer {
+			sokol.gfx.destroyPipeline(pipeline);
+			sokol.gfx.destroyShader(shader);
+		}
+
+		if (spirv_unit.shader_stage(.fragment).has_storage_buffer[0]) |storage_buffer| {
+			const properties_buffer = sokol.gfx.makeBuffer(.{
+				.size = storage_buffer.minimum_size,
+				.type = .STORAGEBUFFER,
+				.usage = .STREAM,
+			});
+
+			errdefer {
+				sokol.gfx.destroyBuffer(properties_buffer);
+			}
+
+			return .{
+				.shader = shader,
+				.pipeline = pipeline,
+				.has_properties_buffer = properties_buffer,
+			};
+		} else {
+			return .{
+				.shader = shader,
+				.pipeline = pipeline,
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	const vertex_layout_state = sokol.gfx.VertexLayoutState{
+		.attrs = get: {
+			var attrs = [_]sokol.gfx.VertexAttrState{.{}} ** 16;
+
+			attrs[0] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT2,
+				.buffer_index = 0,
+			};
+
+			attrs[1] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT2,
+				.buffer_index = 0,
+			};
+
+			attrs[2] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT2,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			attrs[3] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT2,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			attrs[4] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT2,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			attrs[5] = .{
+				.format = .UBYTE4N,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			attrs[6] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			attrs[7] = .{
+				.format = .FLOAT4,
+				.buffer_index = 1,
+			};
+
+			break: get attrs;
+		},
+
+		.buffers = get: {
+			var vertex_buffer_layouts = [_]sokol.gfx.VertexBufferLayoutState{.{}} ** 8;
+
+			vertex_buffer_layouts[1].step_func = .PER_INSTANCE;
+
+			break: get vertex_buffer_layouts;
+		},
+	};
+};
+
 pub const Texture = union (enum) {
 	render: Render,
 	static: Static,
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx/shaders/2d_default.frag b/src/ona/gfx/shaders/2d_default.frag
index 0ed5a9d..40e5c20 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx/shaders/2d_default.frag
+++ b/src/ona/gfx/shaders/2d_default.frag
@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ layout (location = 1) in vec2 uv;
 
 layout (location = 0) out vec4 texel;
 
-layout (binding = 0) readonly buffer View {
-	mat4 projection_matrix;
-};
-
 void main() {
 	texel = texture(sprite, uv) * color;
 
diff --git a/src/ona/gfx/spirv.zig b/src/ona/gfx/spirv.zig
index bda5831..222ed02 100644
--- a/src/ona/gfx/spirv.zig
+++ b/src/ona/gfx/spirv.zig
@@ -15,22 +15,225 @@ pub const Error = std.mem.Allocator.Error || error {
 	UnsupportedBackend,
 };
 
-pub const Unit = struct {
-	arena: std.heap.ArenaAllocator,
-	context: ext.spvc_context,
-	shader_desc: sokol.gfx.ShaderDesc,
-	attrs_used: u32 = 0,
+pub const Shader = struct {
+	decompiled_source: [:0]const u8 = "",
+	has_storage_buffer: [max_storage_buffers]?StorageBuffer = [_]?StorageBuffer{null} ** max_storage_buffers,
+	has_image: [max_images]?Image = [_]?Image{null} ** max_images,
+    has_sampler: [max_samplers]?Sampler = [_]?Sampler{null} ** max_samplers,
+    has_image_sampler_pair: [max_image_sampler_pairs]?ImageSamplerPair = [_]?ImageSamplerPair{null} ** max_image_sampler_pairs,
 
-	pub fn compile(self: *Unit, spirv_data: []const u8, stage: Stage) Error!void {
-		if ((spirv_data.len % @alignOf(u32)) != 0) {
+	pub const Image = struct {
+		is_multisampled: bool,
+	};
+
+	pub const ImageSamplerPair = struct {
+		image_slot: usize,
+		sampler_slot: usize,
+		name: [:0]const u8,
+	};
+
+	pub const Sampler = enum {
+		filtering,
+		non_filtering,
+		comparison,
+	};
+
+	pub const StorageBuffer = struct {
+		minimum_size: usize,
+		is_readonly: bool,
+	};
+
+	pub const max_images = 12;
+
+	pub const max_image_sampler_pairs = 12;
+
+	pub const max_samplers = 8;
+
+	pub const max_storage_buffers = 8;
+
+	fn reflect_image_samplers(self: *Shader, _: Stage, compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources) Error!void {
+		var sampled_images: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
+
+		try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
+			resources,
+			ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE,
+			@ptrCast(&sampled_images.ptr),
+			&sampled_images.len,
+		));
+
+		if (sampled_images.len > max_image_sampler_pairs) {
+			return error.UnsupportedSPIRV;
+		}
+
+		for (0 .. sampled_images.len, sampled_images) |i, sampled_image| {
+			const sampled_image_type = ext.spvc_compiler_get_type_handle(compiler, sampled_image.type_id);
+
+			if (ext.spvc_type_get_basetype(sampled_image_type) != ext.SPVC_BASETYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE) {
+				return error.InvalidSPIRV;
+			}
+
+			try switch (ext.spvc_type_get_image_dimension(sampled_image_type)) {
+				ext.SpvDim2D => {},
+				else => error.InvalidSPIRV,
+			};
+
+			try switch (ext.spvc_type_get_basetype(ext.spvc_compiler_get_type_handle(compiler, ext.spvc_type_get_image_sampled_type(sampled_image_type)))) {
+				ext.SPVC_BASETYPE_FP32 => {},
+				else => error.InvalidSPIRV,
+			};
+
+			self.has_image[i] = .{
+				.is_multisampled = ext.spvc_type_get_image_multisampled(sampled_image_type) != 0,
+			};
+
+			self.has_sampler[i] = .filtering;
+
+			self.has_image_sampler_pair[i] = .{
+				.name = std.mem.span(ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, sampled_image.id)),
+				.image_slot = @intCast(i),
+				.sampler_slot = @intCast(i),
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn reflect_storage_buffers(self: *Shader, stage: Stage, compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources) Error!void {
+		var storage_buffers: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
+
+		try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
+			resources,
+			ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER,
+			@ptrCast(&storage_buffers.ptr),
+			&storage_buffers.len,
+		));
+
+		const binding_offset: c_uint = if (stage == .fragment) max_storage_buffers else 0;
+
+		for (storage_buffers) |storage_buffer| {
+			const binding = ext.spvc_compiler_get_decoration(compiler, storage_buffer.id, ext.SpvDecorationBinding);
+
+			if (binding >= max_storage_buffers) {
+				return error.InvalidSPIRV;
+			}
+
+			ext.spvc_compiler_set_decoration(compiler, storage_buffer.id, ext.SpvDecorationBinding, binding_offset + binding);
+
+			var block_decorations: []const ext.SpvDecoration = &.{};
+
+			try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_get_buffer_block_decorations(
+				compiler,
+				storage_buffer.id,
+				@ptrCast(&block_decorations.ptr),
+				&block_decorations.len,
+			));
+
+			var minimum_size: usize = 0;
+
+			try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_get_declared_struct_size(compiler, ext.spvc_compiler_get_type_handle(compiler, storage_buffer.base_type_id), &minimum_size));
+
+			self.has_storage_buffer[binding] = .{
+				.is_readonly = std.mem.indexOfScalar(ext.SpvDecoration, block_decorations, ext.SpvDecorationNonWritable) != null,
+				.minimum_size = minimum_size,
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn reflect_uniform_buffers(self: *Shader, _: Stage, compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources) Error!void {
+		var uniform_buffers: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
+
+		try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
+			resources,
+			ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
+			@ptrCast(&uniform_buffers.ptr),
+			&uniform_buffers.len,
+		));
+
+		if (uniform_buffers.len != 0) {
 			return error.InvalidSPIRV;
 		}
 
-		const spirv_ops: []const u32 = @alignCast(std.mem.bytesAsSlice(u32, spirv_data));
+		// TODO: Support for older APIs?
+		_ = self;
+		_ = compiler;
+	}
 
-		const execution_model, const stage_desc = switch (stage) {
-			.vertex => .{ext.SpvExecutionModelVertex, &self.shader_desc.vs},
-			.fragment => .{ext.SpvExecutionModelFragment, &self.shader_desc.fs},
+	pub fn stage_desc(self: Shader) sokol.gfx.ShaderStageDesc {
+		var stage = sokol.gfx.ShaderStageDesc{
+			.entry = "main",
+			.source = self.decompiled_source,
+		};
+
+		for (0 .. max_storage_buffers) |slot| {
+			const storage_buffer = &(self.has_storage_buffer[slot] orelse {
+				continue;
+			});
+
+			stage.storage_buffers[slot] = .{
+				.readonly = storage_buffer.is_readonly,
+				.used = true,
+			};
+		}
+
+		for (0 .. max_images) |slot| {
+			const image = &(self.has_image[slot] orelse {
+				continue;
+			});
+
+			stage.images[slot] = .{
+				.multisampled = image.is_multisampled,
+				.image_type = ._2D,
+				.sample_type = .FLOAT,
+				.used = true,
+			};
+		}
+
+		for (0 .. max_samplers) |slot| {
+			const sampler = &(self.has_sampler[slot] orelse {
+				continue;
+			});
+
+			stage.samplers[slot] = .{
+				.sampler_type = switch (sampler.*) {
+					.filtering => .FILTERING,
+					.non_filtering => .NONFILTERING,
+					.comparison => .COMPARISON,
+				},
+
+				.used = true,
+			};
+		}
+
+		for (0 .. max_image_sampler_pairs) |slot| {
+			const image_sampler_pair = &(self.has_image_sampler_pair[slot] orelse {
+				continue;
+			});
+
+			stage.image_sampler_pairs[slot] = .{
+				.glsl_name = image_sampler_pair.name,
+				.image_slot = @intCast(image_sampler_pair.image_slot),
+				.sampler_slot = @intCast(image_sampler_pair.sampler_slot),
+				.used = true,
+			};
+		}
+
+		return stage;
+	}
+};
+
+pub const Stage = enum {
+	vertex,
+	fragment,
+};
+
+pub const Unit = struct {
+	arena: std.heap.ArenaAllocator,
+	context: ext.spvc_context,
+	attrs_used: u32 = 0,
+	stages: [std.enums.values(Stage).len]Shader = .{.{}, .{}},
+
+	pub fn compile(self: *Unit, spirv_ops: []const u32, stage: Stage) Error!void {
+		const execution_model, const shader = switch (stage) {
+			.vertex => .{ext.SpvExecutionModelVertex, &self.stages[0]},
+			.fragment => .{ext.SpvExecutionModelFragment, &self.stages[1]},
 		};
 
 		const Backend = struct {
@@ -73,8 +276,8 @@ pub const Unit = struct {
 
 			for (combined_image_samplers) |combined_image_sampler| {
 				const name = try coral.utf8.alloc_formatted(arena_allocator, "{image_name}_{sampler_name}", .{
-					.image_name = std.mem.span(@as([*:0]const u8, ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, combined_image_sampler.image_id))),
-					.sampler_name = std.mem.span(@as([*:0]const u8, ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, combined_image_sampler.sampler_id))),
+					.image_name = std.mem.span(ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, combined_image_sampler.image_id)),
+					.sampler_name = std.mem.span(ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, combined_image_sampler.sampler_id)),
 				});
 
 				ext.spvc_compiler_set_name(compiler, combined_image_sampler.combined_id, name);
@@ -86,7 +289,7 @@ pub const Unit = struct {
 			break: parse_and_configure compiler;
 		};
 
-		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_set_entry_point(compiler, stage_desc.entry, @intCast(execution_model)));
+		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_set_entry_point(compiler, "main", @intCast(execution_model)));
 
 		const resources = create: {
 			var resources: ext.spvc_resources = null;
@@ -96,27 +299,29 @@ pub const Unit = struct {
 			break: create resources;
 		};
 
-		try reflect_uniform_buffers(compiler, resources, stage_desc);
-		try reflect_storage_buffers(compiler, resources, stage_desc);
-		try reflect_image_samplers(compiler, resources, stage_desc);
+		try shader.reflect_uniform_buffers(stage, compiler, resources);
+		try shader.reflect_storage_buffers(stage, compiler, resources);
+		try shader.reflect_image_samplers(stage, compiler, resources);
 
 		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_install_compiler_options(compiler, create: {
-			var options: ext.spvc_compiler_options = null;
+			var compiler_options: ext.spvc_compiler_options = null;
 
-			try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_create_compiler_options(compiler, &options));
+			try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_create_compiler_options(compiler, &compiler_options));
 
 			for (backend.option_values) |option_value| {
 				const entry, const value = option_value;
 
-				try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_options_set_uint(options, entry, value));
+				try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_options_set_uint(compiler_options, entry, value));
 			}
 
-			break: create options;
+			break: create compiler_options;
 		}));
 
-		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_compile(compiler, @ptrCast(&stage_desc.source)));
+		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_compile(compiler, @ptrCast(&shader.decompiled_source.ptr)));
 
-		std.log.info("{s}", .{stage_desc.source});
+		shader.decompiled_source.len = std.mem.span(shader.decompiled_source.ptr).len;
+
+		std.log.info("{s}", .{shader.decompiled_source});
 	}
 
 	pub fn deinit(self: *Unit) void {
@@ -140,18 +345,19 @@ pub const Unit = struct {
 		return .{
 			.arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator),
 			.context = context,
-
-			.shader_desc = .{
-				.vs = .{.entry = "main"},
-				.fs = .{.entry = "main"},
-			},
 		};
 	}
-};
 
-pub const Stage = enum {
-	fragment,
-	vertex,
+	pub fn shader_desc(self: Unit) sokol.gfx.ShaderDesc {
+		return .{
+			.vs = self.shader_stage(.vertex).stage_desc(),
+			.fs = self.shader_stage(.fragment).stage_desc(),
+		};
+	}
+
+	pub fn shader_stage(self: *const Unit, stage: Stage) *const Shader {
+		return &self.stages[@intFromEnum(stage)];
+	}
 };
 
 fn log_context_errors(userdata: ?*anyopaque, error_message: [*c]const u8) callconv(.C) void {
@@ -159,109 +365,6 @@ fn log_context_errors(userdata: ?*anyopaque, error_message: [*c]const u8) callco
 	std.log.err("{s}", .{error_message});
 }
 
-fn reflect_image_samplers(compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources, stage_desc: *sokol.gfx.ShaderStageDesc) Error!void {
-	var sampled_images: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
-
-	try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
-		resources,
-		ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE,
-		@ptrCast(&sampled_images.ptr),
-		&sampled_images.len,
-	));
-
-	if (sampled_images.len > stage_desc.image_sampler_pairs.len) {
-		return error.UnsupportedSPIRV;
-	}
-
-	for (0 .. sampled_images.len, sampled_images) |i, sampled_image| {
-		const sampled_image_type = ext.spvc_compiler_get_type_handle(compiler, sampled_image.type_id);
-
-		if (ext.spvc_type_get_basetype(sampled_image_type) != ext.SPVC_BASETYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE) {
-			return error.InvalidSPIRV;
-		}
-
-		stage_desc.images[i] = .{
-			.multisampled = ext.spvc_type_get_image_multisampled(sampled_image_type) != 0,
-
-			.image_type = try switch (ext.spvc_type_get_image_dimension(sampled_image_type)) {
-				ext.SpvDim2D => sokol.gfx.ImageType._2D,
-				else => error.InvalidSPIRV,
-			},
-
-			.sample_type = try switch (ext.spvc_type_get_basetype(ext.spvc_compiler_get_type_handle(compiler, ext.spvc_type_get_image_sampled_type(sampled_image_type)))) {
-				ext.SPVC_BASETYPE_FP32 => sokol.gfx.ImageSampleType.FLOAT,
-				else => error.InvalidSPIRV,
-			},
-
-			.used = true,
-		};
-
-		stage_desc.samplers[i] = .{
-			.sampler_type = .DEFAULT,
-			.used = true,
-		};
-
-		stage_desc.image_sampler_pairs[i] = .{
-			.glsl_name = ext.spvc_compiler_get_name(compiler, sampled_image.id),
-			.image_slot = @intCast(i),
-			.sampler_slot = @intCast(i),
-			.used = true,
-		};
-	}
-}
-
-fn reflect_storage_buffers(compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources, stage_desc: *sokol.gfx.ShaderStageDesc) Error!void {
-	var storage_buffers: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
-
-	try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
-		resources,
-		ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER,
-		@ptrCast(&storage_buffers.ptr),
-		&storage_buffers.len,
-	));
-
-	for (storage_buffers) |storage_buffer| {
-		const binding = ext.spvc_compiler_get_decoration(compiler, storage_buffer.id, ext.SpvDecorationBinding);
-
-		if (binding >= stage_desc.storage_buffers.len) {
-			return error.InvalidSPIRV;
-		}
-
-		var block_decorations: []const ext.SpvDecoration = &.{};
-
-		try to_error(ext.spvc_compiler_get_buffer_block_decorations(
-			compiler,
-			storage_buffer.id,
-			@ptrCast(&block_decorations.ptr),
-			&block_decorations.len,
-		));
-
-		stage_desc.storage_buffers[binding] = .{
-			.readonly = std.mem.indexOfScalar(ext.SpvDecoration, block_decorations, ext.SpvDecorationNonWritable) != null,
-			.used = true,
-		};
-	}
-}
-
-fn reflect_uniform_buffers(compiler: ext.spvc_compiler, resources: ext.spvc_resources, stage_desc: *sokol.gfx.ShaderStageDesc) Error!void {
-	var uniform_buffers: []const ext.spvc_reflected_resource = &.{};
-
-	try to_error(ext.spvc_resources_get_resource_list_for_type(
-		resources,
-		ext.SPVC_RESOURCE_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
-		@ptrCast(&uniform_buffers.ptr),
-		&uniform_buffers.len,
-	));
-
-	if (uniform_buffers.len != 0) {
-		return error.InvalidSPIRV;
-	}
-
-	// TODO: Support for older APIs?
-	_ = stage_desc;
-	_ = compiler;
-}
-
 fn to_error(result: ext.spvc_result) Error!void {
 	return switch (result) {
 		ext.SPVC_SUCCESS => {},
@@ -272,3 +375,11 @@ fn to_error(result: ext.spvc_result) Error!void {
 		else => unreachable,
 	};
 }
+
+pub fn to_ops(raw: anytype) [raw.len / @alignOf(u32)]u32 {
+	var ops: [raw.len / @alignOf(u32)]u32 = undefined;
+
+	@memcpy(std.mem.sliceAsBytes(&ops), raw);
+
+	return ops;
+}